Working Principle of Marine Fender Pads

The term "marine fender pad" is not commonly found in publicly available documents. Based on context and industry terminology, it is more likely referring to the panels/face pads of a "marine fender" rather than a vehicle "mudguard." The following explanation is based on authoritative public sources:

Working Principle of Marine Fender (Fender) Pads
Marine fenders are devices installed on the outside of a ship to cushion the impact when docking or pushing. The "face pad" usually refers to the wear-resistant panel that comes into direct contact with the dock or another vessel. Its core function is to reduce friction, disperse impact, and protect the hull.

Main Functions:
Energy Absorption and Cushioning: Absorbs kinetic energy when the ship is docking through the elastic deformation of rubber or polymer materials.
Wear Protection: The face pad is made of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) or hard rubber to resist repeated friction and scraping.
Impact Protection: Prevents damage to the hull during docking, pushing, or mooring operations.

Typical Materials and Structures:
The face pad commonly uses UHMWPE (ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene) due to its very low friction coefficient, high wear resistance, and impact resistance.
The overall structure is often conical or a rubber fender with an integrated face panel, attached to the ship's side using a steel frame or ropes.